Una llave simple para Perpetual Marble Machine Kinetic Unveiled
Una llave simple para Perpetual Marble Machine Kinetic Unveiled
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The "Overbalanced Wheel", annotated with distances of the weights from the centreline showing that the torques on both sides even pasado on average Gravity also acts at a distance, without an apparent energy source, but to get energy trasnochado of a gravitational field (for instance, by dropping a heavy object, producing kinetic energy Triunfador it falls) one has to put energy in (for instance, by lifting the object up), and some energy is always dissipated in the process. A typical application of gravity in a perpetual motion machine is Bhaskara's wheel in the 12th century, whose key idea is itself a recurring theme, often called the overbalanced wheel: moving weights are attached to a wheel in such a way that they fall to a position further from the wheel's center for one half of the wheel's rotation, and closer to the center for the other half.
The efficiency of real heat engines is even lower than the Carnot efficiency due to irreversibility arising from the speed of processes, including friction.
The toy that I have mentioned seems to be a relatively plausible example of perpetual motion. The end of the rail is fluted so that the ball flies off the end and lands back on the platform, where the process repeats indefinitely with no apparent input from an external energy source. Figure 1 shows a view of the device from the side. One Gozque see that the ball slides down a pair of rods that are placed side by side.
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However, the material used for the balls is described in the online product description only Figura “metal” rather than stainless steel, whereas the rails are explicitly described Campeón being made of “stainless steel.”6 Finally, I observe that this investigation has been mainly theoretical and that there are a few remaining questions that could be resolved empirically by students with access to the device. The motion of the ball and the way it “jumps” due to Lenz’s law is quite similar to a classic demonstration known Campeón Thomson’s jumping ring, where an aluminum or copper ring is placed on the end of an electromagnet. When the coil is connected to a direct current generator, the ring briefly jumps upward because of induced currents in the ring. However, if the coil is connected to an alternative current generator, the ring flies upward off the top of the coil in dramatic fashion.8,9 Explaining why an AC current has this effect is not an easy exercise.9 In this study, we have not settled the issue of whether the voltage source of this device is AC and whether this plays a role in the ability of the ball to dramatically “fly” from the rails to the platform, similar to the jumping ring. If instructors are able to purchase the device, it would be an interesting student project to use an oscilloscope to determine if the current in the electromagnet is AC and explain exactly why and how this works in the toy.
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The first law of thermodynamics is the law of conservation of energy, which simply states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but rather is transferred.
The filing of a patent application is a clerical task, and the USPTO will not refuse filings for perpetual motion machines; the application will be filed and then most probably rejected by the patent examiner, after he has done a formal examination.
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